Patriarchal Problems and the Concept of Independent Woman in Manju Kapur’s Difficult Daughters

Abstract

This article aims to analyse the portrayal of the "new woman" in Kapur's book, addressing the intricacy of life, diverse historical backgrounds, cultures, and value systems in a socio-cultural context. Kapur's writings reflect the hardships and unjust treatment faced by women in remote communities, experiencing discrimination and prejudice under the influence of patriarchal subjugation. Her works depict the emergence of a new era for women, characterized by liberation and empowerment, where they strive to define their own-self. Kapur in her works, also illustrate the plight of women and their subjugation, emphasizing their marginalization in terms of rights. The female heroines in Manju Kapur's works are typically well-educated with great fortitude but find themselves confined by traditional cultural constraints. Their education fosters independent thought, making their family and society unbearable. Consequently, they engage in a personal battles against family and society, dedicating themselves to the pursuit of a distinct identity as accomplished women.